{"id":10258,"date":"2018-11-13T13:08:01","date_gmt":"2018-11-13T12:08:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/?p=10258"},"modified":"2018-11-13T14:38:55","modified_gmt":"2018-11-13T13:38:55","slug":"dia-de-la-ciencia-2018-palau-solita-i-plegamans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/general\/dia-de-la-ciencia-2018-palau-solita-i-plegamans\/","title":{"rendered":"SETMANA DE LA CI\u00c8NCIA 2018 &#8211; Palau-solit\u00e0 i Plegamans"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Del\u00a0<strong>9 al 18 de novembre<\/strong>\u00a0se celebra a Catalunya la\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/setmanaciencia.fundaciorecerca.cat\/frontend\/\">23a Setmana de la Ci\u00e8ncia<\/a>,\u00a0<\/strong>una iniciativa coordinada per la<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundaciorecerca.cat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana per a la Recerca i la Innovaci\u00f3<\/a>.\u00a0<\/strong>Durant aquesta setmana se celebren un seguit d\u2019activitats de divulgaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica arreu del nostre territori. Jornades de portes obertes, exposicions, xerrades, jocs, tallers cient\u00edfics\u2026 que tenen l&#8217;objectiu d&#8217;apropar els investigadors i investigadores a l&#8217;alumnat de Batxillerat.<\/p>\n<p>No podem pensar en un referent m\u00e9s proper per l&#8217;alumnat, que un cient\u00edfic que hagi passat per les mateixes aules que ells, i hagi compartit els mateixos professors. \u00c9s aquest el cas de <a href=\"http:\/\/pagines.uab.cat\/dcampos\/content\/daniel-campos-moreno\">Daniel Campos<\/a>, professor de la facultat de ci\u00e8ncies de la UAB, investigador a la Unitat de F\u00edsica Estad\u00edstica de la UAB, i ex-alumne de l&#8217;Institut Ramon Casas i Carb\u00f3, que avui ha volgut acostar a l&#8217;alumnat la <a href=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7452.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10267 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7452.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7452.jpg 640w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7452-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7452-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/a>seva visi\u00f3 sobre la ci\u00e8ncia i le<a href=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10269 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21-576x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"253\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21-576x1024.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21-169x300.jpeg 169w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21-768x1366.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2018-11-13-at-09.15.21.jpeg 899w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><\/a>s aplicacions del m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic per resoldre problemes quotidians.<\/p>\n<p>La seva intervenci\u00f3 s&#8217;ha centrat en explicar qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ci\u00e8ncia i quina \u00e9s la seva tasca com a investigador en un grup de recerca sobre f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ci\u00e8ncia? Per qu\u00e8 \u00e9s important?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Jorge Wagensberg definia la ci\u00e8ncia com un tipus de coneixement basat en tres principis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Objectivitat (\u00e9s igual per tothom).<\/li>\n<li>Intel\u00b7ligibilitat (s&#8217;ha de poder entendre &#8211; en contraposici\u00f3 al missatge que es transmet, per exemple, a trav\u00e9s de l&#8217;art).<\/li>\n<li>Dial\u00e8ctica (\u00e9s una forma de coneixement en continu di\u00e0leg, revisi\u00f3 i cr\u00edtica &#8211; contraposat a la religi\u00f3, per exemple, que es fonamenta en uns dogmes establerts).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Com treballen els cient\u00edfics?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Aquest tres principis es poden aplicar a partir d&#8217;una manera de treballar que anomenem m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic.\u00a0 En Daniel ha preguntat als assistents a la xerrada qu\u00e8 els suggeria aix\u00f2 del m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic, i han contestat coses com<em>&#8220;experimentaci\u00f3, hip\u00f2tesi, observaci\u00f3, teoria&#8230;<\/em>&#8220;. A trav\u00e9s d&#8217;un rep\u00e0s dels cient\u00edfics m\u00e9s c\u00e8l\u00b7lebres de la hist\u00f2ria, i dels principals agents de la revoluci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica, s&#8217;han vist diferents maneres de treballar: l&#8217;experiment com a forma de treball sistem\u00e0tica (nom\u00e9s observant la natura hauria resultat molt complex arribar a segons quines conclusions), l&#8217;establiment de teories que permetin explicar diferents fen\u00f2mens, la combinat\u00f2ria, o fins i tot la casualitat, que ha perm\u00e8s fer molts descobriments cient\u00edfics (com la radioactivitat, per part del f\u00edsic Henri Beckerel, per exemple).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10259 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7444-e1542110208115.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"271\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7444-e1542110208115.jpg 480w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7444-e1542110208115-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 271px) 100vw, 271px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Per concloure aquesta part de la intervenci\u00f3, ens ha mostrat una fotografia on es veia un manual amb unes instruccions per muntar un moble, i un artes\u00e0 que treballava la fusta del moble. Tot i que popularment associar\u00edem la ci\u00e8ncia i els cient\u00edfics amb la primera imatge, la ci\u00e8ncia s&#8217;assembla molt m\u00e9s a la segona, perqu\u00e8, contr\u00e0riament al que es pensa, no hi ha un manual cient\u00edfic, s&#8217;ha de fer servir la creativitat per aportar noves solucions per resoldre nous problemes, de manera que els cient\u00edfics tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n artesans que poden innovar i trobar noves maneres de resoldre problemes.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>La ci\u00e8ncia com activitat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En aquesta l\u00ednia, en Daniel ens ha explicat que el resultat de la feina del cient\u00edfic resulta en una simplificaci\u00f3 de la realitat, perqu\u00e8 es basen sempre en aproximacions, en representacions que es puguin fer entendre. Per exemple, els models de representaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;\u00e0tom han anat canviant al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria, segons les diferents interpretacions que se n&#8217;ha fet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al llarg del S.XX s&#8217;ha intentat explicar la natura no nom\u00e9s a trav\u00e9s dels nostres sentits, que estan esbiaixats (la qual cosa permet explicar les il\u00b7lusions \u00f2ptiques, per exemple). Per\u00f2 no nom\u00e9s els sentits ens poden enganyar, sin\u00f3 que el nostre cervell tamb\u00e9 pateix un biaix cognitiu, que ens permet prendre decisions no \u00f2ptimes. En aquest sentit, ens ha recordat que un psic\u00f2leg, Daniel Kahneman, va guanyar el Premi Nobel d&#8217;Economia per les seves investigacions sobre la presa de decisions en els mercats financers. I en aquest punt ens ha fet una demostraci\u00f3 per fer-nos veure com el nostre cervell no est\u00e0 preparat per fer certes tasques, com distingir cares al rev\u00e9s. Tamb\u00e9 ens ha recomanat el canal de youtube <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCruYd_BLy5w_qPfiKJg-BFg\">Think Twice<\/a>, que promou el pensament cr\u00edtic i la divulgaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>F\u00edsica estad\u00edstica i aplicacions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>La tasca del Daniel se centra en la f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica, que estudia com, a partir d&#8217;una escala, podem explicar qu\u00e8 passa a una escala m\u00e9s gran; i m\u00e9s concretament, en un grup de recerca que aplica la f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica a problemes de biologia (com per exemple, la interacci\u00f3 d&#8217;un organisme amb el seu ambient), per inferir a partir del nivell macros\u00f2pic qu\u00e8 passa a nivell cognitiu.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7447.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10262 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7447.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"383\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7447.jpg 640w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7447-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental8\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1103\/2018\/11\/IMG_7447-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><\/a>La seva ta<span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">sca\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">se centra concretament en el moviment d&#8217;organismes, i per entendre per qu\u00e8 estudien el moviment, ens re<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">comana la Ted ta<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">lk de\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">Daniel Wolpert &#8220;<\/span><a style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCruYd_BLy5w_qPfiKJg-BFg\">The real reason for brains<\/a><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">&#8220;. Els darrers anys han sorgit t\u00e8cniques noves, i noves tecnologies com GPS i microscopis que permeten tra\u00e7<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">ar tota la traject\u00f2ria d&#8217;un organisme des que neix fins que mor. Com a casos concrets d&#8217;estudi ens ha explicat el del<\/span> <a style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.seresmodelicos.csic.es\/cuc.html\">Caenorhabditis elegans<\/a><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em;\">, del qual n\u2019observen les seves traject\u00f2ries i moviments i a partir de l\u2019an\u00e0lisi de totes les dades, intenten entendre per qu\u00e8 act\u00faa com act\u00faa (i resulta sorprenent que amb 1mm tingui capacitat neuronal per marxar d&#8217;un lloc si no hi ha menjar). Tamb\u00e9 se centren amb el moviment de formigues i altres organismes, i fins i tot en el moviment de l&#8217;ull hum\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;an\u00e0lisi de totes aquestes dades que recullen, tenen aplicaci\u00f3 en la resoluci\u00f3 de problemes de la vida quotidiana, alguns tan importants com el\u00a0disseny d&#8217;estrat\u00e8gies i protocols per trobar persones perdudes.<\/p>\n<p>Agra\u00efm al Daniel la seva col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 i esperem tenir ocasi\u00f3 de tornar-lo a escoltar-lo ben aviat!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"gs\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div id=\":14k\" class=\"ii gt\">\n<div id=\":14l\" class=\"a3s aXjCH \" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"gridcell\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"yj6qo\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"yj6qo\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"yj6qo\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hi\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Del\u00a09 al 18 de novembre\u00a0se celebra a Catalunya la\u00a023a Setmana de la Ci\u00e8ncia,\u00a0una iniciativa coordinada per la\u00a0Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana per a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":10268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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