{"id":18369,"date":"2025-11-20T10:55:58","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T09:55:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/?p=18369"},"modified":"2025-11-20T10:56:00","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T09:56:00","slug":"com-aprenem-a-llegir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/portada\/com-aprenem-a-llegir\/","title":{"rendered":"Com aprenem a llegir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"&quot;Com aprenem a llegir?&quot; Presentaci\u00f3 del llibre d&#039;H\u00e9ctor Ruiz\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FnwBv_JDwlk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Presentaci\u00f3 del llibre d&#8217;H\u00e9ctor Ruiz \u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/science-teaching.org\/ca\/llibres\/com-aprenem-a-llegir\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/science-teaching.org\/ca\/llibres\/com-aprenem-a-llegir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Com aprenem a llegir? I com ensenyar a llegir segons la ci\u00e8ncia<\/a><\/em> el 04\/11\/2025 a la <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fundaciobofill.cat\/blog\/ensenyar-a-llegir-amb-garanties-quines-practiques-funcionen-i-quines-impedeixen-l-aprenentatge-de-la-comprensio-lectora?utm_source=mailchimp&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=&amp;utm_campaign=&amp;utm_source=Subscripcions+fundaciobofill.cat&amp;utm_campaign=afc1502e2e-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2025_11_11_07_56&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_-afc1502e2e-188847964\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fundaci\u00f3 Bofill<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Segons Ruiz, quan els m\u00e8todes d\u2019ensenyament s\u2019informen per la recerca,\u00a0<strong>entre el 90 i el 95% de l\u2019alumnat pot assolir una bona comprensi\u00f3 lectora<\/strong>\u00a0i es poden detectar a temps els casos que necessiten suport espec\u00edfic.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>El llibre de Ruiz sintetitza d\u00e8cades d\u2019evid\u00e8ncia en psicologia cognitiva de l\u2019aprenentatge. Conclou que\u00a0<strong>descodificar \u00e9s necessari, per\u00f2 insuficient<\/strong>\u00a0i insisteix en qu\u00e8 la necessitat d\u2019automatitzar la relaci\u00f3 grafema\u2013fonema, el so relacionat amb cada lletra, amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019alliberar mem\u00f2ria de treball. Tamb\u00e9 recorda que\u00a0<strong>el desenvolupament ling\u00fc\u00edstic \u00e9s la base de la lectura<\/strong>, \u00e9s a dir que llengua i lectura s\u00f3n inseparables, per la qual cosa qualsevol activitat a l\u2019aula pot ser una oportunitat per aprendre vocabulari que no ens podem permetre el luxe de desaprofitar.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Tamb\u00e9 assenyala que\u00a0<strong>m\u00e9s coneixement previ comporta una millor comprensi\u00f3<\/strong>, per la qual cosa \u00e9s important oferir textos que connectin amb la seva realitat propera. La docent i directora d\u2019escola \u00c0ngels Cadena, qui tamb\u00e9 insisteix en l\u2019oralitat, comparteix que als centres hi ha alumnes que, per exemple, no reconeixen una taronja.\u00a0<strong>\u201cCom volem que comprenguin textos que parlen de coses que desconeixen?<\/strong>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>La recerca, afegeix Ruiz, tamb\u00e9 ha demostrat\u00a0<strong>la necessitat d\u2019ensenyar a treure conclusions, a preguntar, resumir i reparar quan no s\u2019ent\u00e9n alguna cosa<\/strong>. Al mateix temps, tamb\u00e9 destaca la necessitat d\u2019avaluar \u201c<strong>avaluar per ajudar, no per qualificar; amb prop\u00f2sit formatiu, per saber qu\u00e8 est\u00e0 passant\u201d<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cLa comprensi\u00f3 lectora no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s una compet\u00e8ncia ling\u00fc\u00edstica sin\u00f3 que \u00e9s una eina per pensar, per construir coneixement\u201d, sentencia la directora \u00c0ngels Cadena. Per aix\u00f2 pregunta ret\u00f2ricament: \u201c<strong>Quantes vegades, en els nostres centres, ens trobem que sempre participen els mateixos?<\/strong>\u00a0Que als Jocs florals sempre guanyen els mateixos?\u201d La pr\u00e0ctica porta a fer m\u00e9s, detalla. \u201c<strong>Qui m\u00e9s sap, m\u00e9s vol<\/strong>\u201d. La comprensi\u00f3 lectora \u00e9s una eina per pensar, no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s una compet\u00e8ncia ling\u00fc\u00edstica.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cCada vegada les hores d&#8217;atenci\u00f3 dels adults m\u00e9s propers als nostres infants i adolescents, des dels propis mestres a les pr\u00f2pies fam\u00edlies, \u00e9s m\u00e9s minsa\u201d, explica. Com Ruiz, insisteix que\u00a0<strong>l&#8217;oralitat \u00e9s b\u00e0sica<\/strong>: \u201c<strong>Hem de fer que parlin b\u00e9, hem de parlar amb ells, hem de fer un modelatge<\/strong>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cadena tamb\u00e9 va alertar dels efectes emocionals d\u2019algunes\u00a0<strong>rutines escolars com fer llegir en veu alta<\/strong>: \u201cQuan demanem que cadasc\u00fa llegeixi un punt en concret, un darrere l\u2019altre, veiem com els infants amb dificultats s\u2019enfonsen a la cadira. Pensem que estem fent una cosa b\u00e9 per\u00f2\u00a0<strong>\u00e9s de savis aturar-se i reflexionar perqu\u00e8 segurament \u00e9s contraproduent<\/strong>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u201cMolts infants amb dificultats lectores ens passen desapercebuts\u201d<\/strong>, afegeix Ruiz, \u201cperqu\u00e8 no avaluem amb la intenci\u00f3 de comprendre qu\u00e8 est\u00e0 passant\u201d. Aix\u00ed, defensa que hi ha activitats l\u00fadiques que permeten identificar riscos i ajudar a temps, fins i tot abans d\u2019aprendre a llegir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>De cara a la vida a l\u2019aula, Cadena demana tamb\u00e9 una mirada sist\u00e8mica, temps i coher\u00e8ncia:\u00a0<strong>\u201cels equips han de ser estables per poder fer projectes de centre que es puguin avaluar\u201d<\/strong>. \u201cNecessitem entre quatre i vuit anys per comprovar resultats i evitar que cada dos anys canvi\u00efn les modes educatives\u201d.\u00a0<strong>\u201cSi volem que tots els infants comprenguin, hem de donar-los temps, llengua i bones decisions repetides\u201d<\/strong>, rebla Ruiz.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>En aquest sentit, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s autocr\u00edtic amb el paper de la comunitat cient\u00edfica: \u201chem viscut massa en la nostra bombolla\u201d, reconeix. Alhora, recorda que, \u201c<strong>quan la recerca arriba a l\u2019aula, els resultats milloren<\/strong>\u201d; aix\u00ed, hi ha districtes educatius a Estats Units que han passat del 47% al 84% d\u2019alumnes amb un nivell lector adequat.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aix\u00ed, tant Ruiz com Cadena coincideixen que<strong>\u00a0la lectura \u00e9s una porta oberta a la igualtat d\u2019oportunitats i reclamen temps, coher\u00e8ncia i ci\u00e8ncia per poder-la obrir de veritat.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El divulgador i investigador H\u00e9ctor Ruiz ha presentat al Hub Social Barcelona el llibre Com aprenem a llegir? I com ensenyar a llegir segons la ci\u00e8ncia. En el marc de l\u2019informe \u201cComprensi\u00f3 lectora, l\u2019assignatura pendent\u201d de la Fundaci\u00f3 Bofill, que radiografia els mals resultats hist\u00f2rics de Catalunya en comprensi\u00f3 lectora, Ruiz va compartir tot all\u00f2 que, segons l\u2019evid\u00e8ncia cient\u00edfica, impedeix un correcte aprenentatge d\u2019aquesta compet\u00e8ncia b\u00e0sica per a qualsevol coneixement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,81,376],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-portada","category-biblioteca-escolar","category-ce-i-cp"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18369"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18371,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18369\/revisions\/18371"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/vallesoccidental3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}