{"id":5309,"date":"2017-03-06T00:31:53","date_gmt":"2017-03-05T23:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/?p=5309"},"modified":"2019-04-29T11:17:39","modified_gmt":"2019-04-29T09:17:39","slug":"jsalva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/dinamitzacio\/trics\/jsalva\/","title":{"rendered":"Tren de levitaci\u00f3: el transport del dem\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>T\u00edtol:<\/strong> <\/em><\/span><strong>Tren de levitaci\u00f3: el transport del dem\u00e0<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Autor:<\/strong> <\/em><\/span><strong>Jorge Santiago Alva Lazo<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Tutor:<\/strong> <\/em><\/span>Jos\u00e9 Luis Garc\u00eda P\u00e9rez<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Modalitat:<\/strong> <\/em><\/span>Ci\u00e8ncies i tecnologia: Cient\u00edficot\u00e8ncic<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>\u00c0rea curricular:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em><\/span>F\u00edsica<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Centre:<\/strong><\/em><\/span> Ins Antoni de Mart\u00ed i Franqu\u00e8s<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Localitat:<\/strong><\/em><\/span> Tarragona<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objectius:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aquest treball es proposa estudiar el magnetisme, un fenomen que molts coneixem per\u00f2 no tots entenem. A m\u00e9s, es posar\u00e0 especial atenci\u00f3 a les tecnologies que utilitzen l\u2019electromagnetisme per a aconseguir la levitaci\u00f3 de cossos, i concretament a la aplicaci\u00f3 de la levitaci\u00f3 magn\u00e8tica en el transport ferroviari.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Hip\u00f2tesi:<\/b><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Experimentar\u00a0amb el fenomen de la levitaci\u00f3 magn\u00e8tica i amb els materials superconductors. Construcci\u00f3 d\u2019una maqueta d\u2019un tren de levitaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>El proc\u00e9s:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Primerament s\u2019ha estudiat la teoria que explica les forces magn\u00e8tiques i la seva relaci\u00f3 amb l\u2019electricitat i la f\u00edsica subat\u00f2mica, tamb\u00e9 s\u2019ha diferenciat materials a partir de la seva resposta als camps magn\u00e8tics. S\u2019ha aprofundit en el funcionament dels materials superconductors, i s\u2019han explorat les seves aplicacions actuals. Tamb\u00e9 s\u2019ha fet recerca en els usos de la levitaci\u00f3 magn\u00e8tica i en seva utilitzaci\u00f3 en trens magn\u00e8tics, que aprofiten la manca de contacte mec\u00e0nic per a treballar amb una efici\u00e8ncia superior.<br \/>\nS\u2019ha experimentat amb la superconductivitat amb la construcci\u00f3 d\u2019un circuit magn\u00e8tic i d\u2019un vehicle superconductor. Aprofitant els coneixements adquirits en la recerca sobre l\u2019electromagnetisme, s\u2019ha afegit un sistema de detecci\u00f3 i propulsi\u00f3 magn\u00e8tica per al vehicle, com a caracter\u00edstica diferenciadora. Degut a l\u2019alta sensibilitat del superconductor a variacions en el camp magn\u00e8tic de la via, s\u2019ha hagut de renunciar a un disseny de pista ovalada i utilitzar un tram de proves recte; i a causa de la necessitat de refrigeraci\u00f3 del superconductor s\u2019ha hagut de modificar el material del vehicle.<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2017\/03\/MOV_0027_Moment-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5312\" src=\"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2017\/03\/MOV_0027_Moment-4-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"mov_0027_moment-4\" width=\"329\" height=\"219\" \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2017\/03\/DSC_0043.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5313\" src=\"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2017\/03\/DSC_0043-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"dsc_0043\" width=\"326\" height=\"218\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.nexans.com\/Corporate\/2012\/NEWShanghai_Transrapid_home.jpg\" alt=\"Resultado de imagen de nexans maglev\" width=\"349\" height=\"137\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6><b>Conclusions:<\/b><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Es va escollir la levitaci\u00f3 per superconductors per ser la que millor representaria un tren de levitaci\u00f3 real i perqu\u00e8 seria una gran font de experi\u00e8ncies per al treball. L\u2019experi\u00e8ncia de construcci\u00f3 ha estat positiva, i encara que s\u2019han requerit canvis, les proves finals han mostrat les caracter\u00edstiques que es buscaven. S\u2019ha demostrat l\u2019efecte Meissner i l\u2019estat mixt dels superconductors, i el vehicle ha funcionat i ha mostrat bona l\u2019estabilitat. encara que els c\u00e0lculs d\u2019efici\u00e8ncia energ\u00e8tica no han donat tan bons resultats com s\u2019esperava.<\/p>\n<h6><b>Bibliografia:<\/b><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Wood, Robert. Magnetismo: de la br\u00fajula a los imanes superconductores. Ed. McGraw-Hill, 1991<\/li>\n<li>Mayo, Johnathan L. Superconductividad: el umbral de la nueva tecnologia. Ed McGraw-Hill, 1991<\/li>\n<li>Hyperphysics, Electricity and Magnetism <a href=\"http:\/\/hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu\/hbase\/emcon.html#emcon\">http:\/\/hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu\/hbase\/emcon.html#emcon<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Madrid, Curso de F\u00edsica B\u00e1sica: Magnetismo <a href=\"http:\/\/acer.forestales.upm.es\/basicas\/udfisica\/asignaturas\/fisica\/magnet\/magnet_portada.html\">http:\/\/acer.forestales.upm.es\/basicas\/udfisica\/asignaturas\/fisica\/magnet\/magnet_portada.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid. Superconductividad &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www3.icmm.csic.es\/superconductividad\/quienes-somos\/\">http:\/\/www3.icmm.csic.es\/superconductividad\/<\/a><em>&gt;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ins Antoni de Mart\u00ed i Franqu\u00e8s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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