{"id":4431,"date":"2017-03-02T23:39:47","date_gmt":"2017-03-02T22:39:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/?p=4431"},"modified":"2019-04-30T10:23:09","modified_gmt":"2019-04-30T08:23:09","slug":"mbeltran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/dinamitzacio\/trics\/mbeltran\/","title":{"rendered":"La gran col\u00f2nia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>T\u00edtol: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><strong>La Gran col\u00f2nia<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Autora: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><strong>Maria Beltran Anitua<\/strong><br \/>\n<em><strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Tutora:<\/span> <\/strong><\/em>M. Merc\u00e8 Segura<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Modalitat: <\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ci\u00e8ncies i tecnologia<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>\u00c0rea curricular: <\/strong><\/em><\/span>Biologia<br \/>\n<em><strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Centre:<\/span> <\/strong><\/em>Ins Ramon Barbat i Miracle<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em><strong>Localitat:\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Vila-Seca<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Objectius:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Analitzar el cicle vital d\u2019un dels insectes m\u00e9s socials i petits del regne animal, com s\u00f3n les formigues i, observar com els factors bi\u00f2tics, en aquest cas la llum, pot afectar el seu cicle vital.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Guanyar m\u00e9s coneixements sobre les formigues, tant a nivell te\u00f2ric, com a nivell experimental.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Posar a proba el meu nivell d\u2019experimentaci\u00f3 amb \u00e9ssers vius i millorar-lo.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demostrar que una col\u00f2nia sense reina no pot sobreviure.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demostrar el proc\u00e9s de la trofal\u00b7laxis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*Durant el treball em va sorgir un nou objectiu que no tenia previst, veure com afectaven els \u00e0cars a les formigues.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Hip\u00f2tesis:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sobre les meves col\u00f2nies espero que durant tot l\u2019estiu hagin excavat totes les ramificacions dels formiguers, \u00e9s a dir, que n\u2019hagin fet moltes.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Si una col\u00f2nia es queda sense reina, la col\u00f2nia acabar\u00e0 morint.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les formigues no s\u2019ajuden les unes a les altres a alimentar-se.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Els \u00e0cars no produeixen un efecte negatiu sobre les formigues, nom\u00e9s viuen sobre elles i les utilitzen com a mitj\u00e0 de transport.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019\u00e8poca de m\u00e9s activitat de les formigues \u00e9s quan la temperatura no \u00e9s freda.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019abs\u00e8ncia de llum en un formiguer fa que les formigues tinguin menys activitat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>El proc\u00e9s:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Per comen\u00e7ar volia analitzar el cicle vital de les formigues, amb una variant, la llum.<br \/>\nAleshores vaig construir un formiguer i vaig comprar dues col\u00f2nies. Les vaig anar observant i extraient conclusions sobre aquestes. Durant el treball, vaig realitzar dos experiments: formigues sense reina i trofal\u00b7laxis. A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, vaig tenir un imprevist, les col\u00f2nies se\u2019m van infectar d\u2019\u00e0cars que s\u2019alimentaven de la seva sang. Aleshores vaig haver de investigar sobre aquest i intentar solucionar-ho, tot i que ja era massa tard.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Conclusions:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pel que he pogut observar durant aquests mesos, les formigues s\u00f3n un tipus\u00a0 d\u2019insecte molt fort en col\u00f2nia, per\u00f2 massa feble per sobreviure individualment. S\u00f3n un tipus d\u2019insecte que dep\u00e8n molt del seu pilar principal, la reina. A m\u00e9s,\u00a0 viuen en una comunitat molt cohesionada, ja que s\u2019ajuden les unes a les altres\u00a0 i, tot el que duen a terme \u00e9s pel b\u00e9 com\u00fa de la col\u00f2nia. S\u00f3n uns insectes que a\u00a0 l\u2019estiu estan en constant moviment i, tot i que a l\u2019hivern no deixen de treballar,\u00a0 si que redueixen la seva activitat. S\u00f3n un insecte que tenen una estructura molt\u00a0 jerarquitzada i, que, la llum \u00e9s necess\u00e0ria per a elles i afecta en la seva activitat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Conclusions m\u00e9s concretes respecte les formigues:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les poques ramificacions dels meus formiguers s\u00f3n degudes a la poca humitat del s\u00f2l. \u00c9s a dir, les formigues nom\u00e9s excaven la zona de s\u00f2l humida.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les formigues no poden sobreviure sense la reina, perqu\u00e8 amb el pas del temps es van debilitant i acaben morint.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les formigues, mitjan\u00e7ant el proc\u00e9s de la trofal\u00b7laxis, s\u2019alimenten les unes a les altres, passant-se el menjar, a m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, d\u2019alimentar-se per elles mateixes.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Els \u00e0cars vermells repercuteixen molt negativament sobre una col\u00f2nia, perqu\u00e8 al alimentar-se de la seva hemolimfa, la acaben matant.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019\u00e8poca en qu\u00e8 les formigues treballen m\u00e9s \u00e9s a l\u2019estiu. Segurament, sigui degut a l\u2019alta temperatura i a les bones condicions ambientals.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">La llum \u00e9s un factor ambiental que afecta a l\u2019activitat d\u2019una col\u00f2nia. \u00c9s a dir, les formigues treballen m\u00e9s sota terra degut a l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia de llum, per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no vol dir que no treballi amb llum, nom\u00e9s que l\u2019activitat \u00e9s superior sense llum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Bibliografia:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIMA. TERRARTROPODA. Automattic Inc, 2013. &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/terrartropoda.wordpress.com\/category\/fichas-hormigas\/fichamessorbarbarus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/terrartropoda.wordpress.com\/category\/fichas-hormigas\/fichamessorbarbarus\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>KIKO G\u00d3MEZ &amp; XAVIER ESPADALER. HORMIGAS.ORG. Liquid Web L.L.C, 2007. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/hormigas.org\/xGeneros\/Messor.htm#Dis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/hormigas.org\/xGeneros\/Messor.htm#Dis<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIMA. ANT-PICTURES.COM. SMV. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.antpictures.com\/espaniol\/ant_feeding_habits.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.antpictures.com\/espaniol\/ant_feeding_habits.htm<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>CARLITUS. SLIDESHARE. LinkedIn Corporation, 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/es.slideshare.net\/gousG\/alimentacion-de-hormigas-10682350\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/es.slideshare.net\/gousG\/alimentacion-de-hormigas-10682350<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIMA. BIOENCICLOP\u00c8DIA. Unified Layer, 2012. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bioenciclopedia.com\/hormigas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bioenciclopedia.com\/hormigas\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>FOX NETWORKS GROUP ESPA\u00d1A. NATIONAL GEOGRAHIC. OVH SAS, 2016. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.es\/animales\/insectos\/hormiga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.es\/animales\/insectos\/hormiga<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>FUNDACI\u00d3N PRO REAL ACADEMIA ESPA\u00d1OLA. RAE. Real Academia de la Lengua, 1993. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.localizaip.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.localizaip.com\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIMA. ANIPEDIA.NET. OVH SAS, 2007. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.anipedia.net\/hormigas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.anipedia.net\/hormigas\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>ASOCIACI\u00d3N. AIM. Adamo Telecom Iberia S.A., 2006. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mirmiberica.org\/node\/182\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.mirmiberica.org\/node\/182<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>SALVADOR GINER. DIEC 2. Instituto de Estudios Catalanes, 2007. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/dlc.iec.cat\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/dlc.iec.cat\/index.html<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIMA. ANTS.ORG. Free SAS. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/anthormigas.free.fr\/Espanol\/Clasificacion.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/anthormigas.free.fr\/Espanol\/Clasificacion.htm<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>FORMIGUER BLANQUERNA. L&#8217;ENDEM\u00c0 DE LES FORMIGUES. Google Inc, 2013. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/elformiguerdeblanquerna.blogspot.com.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/elformiguerdeblanquerna.blogspot.com.es\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>SONIA IGLESIAS Y CABRERA. MITOS MEXICANOS. Namecheap Inc, 2014. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mitos-mexicanos.com\/leyendas-mexicanas-prehispanicas\/atzcatllahormiga-sagrada-leyenda-prehispanica.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.mitos-mexicanos.com\/leyendas-mexicanas-prehispanicas\/atzcatllahormiga-sagrada-leyenda-prehispanica.html<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>RODOLFO FERN\u00c1NDEZ. HORMIGAPEDIA. LeaseWeb Netherlands B.V.. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hormigapedia.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.hormigapedia.com\/<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>ROMANA CAPACCIONI AZZATI, BIOGENMOL. Google Inc, 2008. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/biogenmol.blogspot.com.es\/2008\/08\/ojos-simples-ojoscompuestostodoun.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/biogenmol.blogspot.com.es\/2008\/08\/ojos-simples-ojoscompuestostodoun.html<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>MARIA J. BRANUELAS. QUE COMEN&#8230; LOS ANIMALES. CloudFlare Inc, 2015. &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/quecomen.net\/quecomenlashormigas#De_que_se_alimentanlas_hormigas_en_la_naturaleza\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/quecomen.net\/quecomenlashormigas#De_que_se_alimentanlas_hormigas_en_la_naturaleza<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>NATURE1UPCLOSE. YOUTUBE. Google Inc, 2011. &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwZ2HJMD6Co\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwZ2HJMD6Co<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<li>AN\u00d2NIM. EL FORMIGUER. Document PDF. &lt;file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/meryb\/Downloads\/formiguer.pdf&gt;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ins Ramon Barbat i Miracle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[391,70],"tags":[318,515],"class_list":["post-4431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencies","category-trics","tag-biologia-ambiental","tag-trics_ins-ramon-barbat-i-miracle"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4431"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14143,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4431\/revisions\/14143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}