{"id":13156,"date":"2019-03-20T17:06:20","date_gmt":"2019-03-20T16:06:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/?p=13156"},"modified":"2019-04-28T07:38:51","modified_gmt":"2019-04-28T05:38:51","slug":"trics13_sachebak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/dinamitzacio\/trics\/trics13_sachebak\/","title":{"rendered":"Exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5353\" title=\"Sara Achebak\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_sachebak.jpg\" alt=\"Sara Achebak\" width=\"150\" height=\"200\" \/><strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>T\u00edtol:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><strong>Exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal a Espanya. Una an\u00e0lisi espaciotemporal<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Autor\/a:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong> Sara Achebak<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Tutor\/a:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Mireia Clua Camacho<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Modalitat:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Humanitats i Ci\u00e8ncies Socials<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u00c0rea:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Geografia<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Centre:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Ins Torreforta<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Localitat:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Tarragona<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Objectius:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ol>\n<li>Analitzar els patrons espaciotemporal en l\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal (EMH) a Espanya per sexe, edat i prov\u00edncia de residencia durant el per\u00edode 1980-2015<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6><strong>El proc\u00e9s:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dades: S\u2019han utilitzat dades sobre defuncions, temperatura i caracter\u00edstiques dels habitatges a escala provincial. Aquestes dades s\u2019han obtingut a trav\u00e9s de diferents fonts: l\u2019Institut Nacional d\u2019Estad\u00edstica (INE) i de l\u2019European Climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&amp;D).<br \/>\nM\u00e8todes: L\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal (EMH) fou calculat comparant el nombre defuncions produ\u00efdes als mesos d\u2019hivern (desembre-mar\u00e7) amb el promig de defuncions produ\u00efdes en 2 per\u00edodes no hivernals; agost-novembre anterior i abril-maig posterior. Per poder determinar el tipus i grau de correlaci\u00f3 estad\u00edstica entre l\u2019EMH i algunes caracter\u00edstiques contextuals com el clima i caracter\u00edstiques de l\u2019habitatge, s\u2019ha utilitzat un model de regressi\u00f3 lineal simple. Aquest model tamb\u00e9 s\u2019ha utilitzat en el c\u00e0lcul de tend\u00e8ncies de l\u2019EMH.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Conclusions:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Resultats: Els principals resultats mostren que l\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat a l\u2019hivern afecta per igual tant a homes com a dones, i \u00e9s m\u00e9s acusat en edats m\u00e9s avan\u00e7ades. Geogr\u00e0ficament, l\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal fou m\u00e9s elevat a les prov\u00edncies m\u00e9s c\u00e0lides, on el percentatge d\u2019habitatges sense calefacci\u00f3 \u00e9s major. Al llarg de les quatre \u00faltimes d\u00e8cades l\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal presenta una tend\u00e8ncia a la baixa. No obstant, els valors continuen sent molt elevats en els anys m\u00e9s recents.<br \/>\nConclusions: Es necessiten pol\u00edtiques sanit\u00e0ries per reduir l\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal, fet que contribuiria a l\u2019augment de l\u2019esperan\u00e7a de vida de la poblaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Bibliografia:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Wooldridge, Jeffrey M.. <span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>Introducci\u00f3n a la Econometr\u00eda. Un enfoque moderno<\/strong><\/span>. Cengage Learning<\/li>\n<li>ALBET MAS, A i altres. <span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>Climes i paisatges d\u2019Espanya<\/strong><\/span>. Vicens Vives<\/li>\n<li>HEALY, JD. <span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>Excess winter mortality in Europe: a cross country analysis identifying key risk factors<\/strong><\/span>. Journal of Epidemiology &amp; Community Health (Revista cient\u00edfica)<\/li>\n<li>Fowle, Tom i altres.. <span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>Excess winter deaths in Europe: a multi-country descriptive analysis<\/strong><\/span>. European Journal of Public Health (Revista cient\u00edfica)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Llocs Web:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ine.es\/dyngs\/INEbase\/es\/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&amp;cid=1254736177008&amp;menu=ultiDatos&amp;idp=1254735573002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTAD\u00cdSTICA. Movimiento natural de la poblaci\u00f3n: Estad\u00edstica de defunciones.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ine.es\/censos2011_datos\/cen11_datos_inicio.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTAD\u00cdSTICA. Cifras de poblaci\u00f3n i censos demogr\u00e1ficos: Censos de Poblaci\u00f3n y Viviendas.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/breathingproblems.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA DELS EEUA MEDLINE. Problemas respiratorios.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/howtopreventheartdisease.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA DELS EEUA MEDLINE. Como prevenir las enfermedades del coraz\u00f3n.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwheartandvascular.org\/education\/enespanol\/enfermedades\/enfermedades_condiciones\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HEART &amp; VASCULAR INSTITUTE, THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. Enfermedades y condiciones cardiacas.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Presentaci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;\" src=\"\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/key\/JGS5Lvr4ohZqEk\" width=\"595\" height=\"485\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"> <\/iframe><\/p>\n<h6><strong>Fotos:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<div id=\"1234\" style=\"width: 600px; height: 400px; display: none;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge1_sachebak.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge1_sachebak.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge2_sachebak.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge2_sachebak.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge3_sachebak.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_imatge3_sachebak.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/jquery\/1.12.3\/jquery.min.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<script>\n (MyGalleries=(typeof MyGalleries === 'undefined' ? [] : MyGalleries)).push({gallId:'#1234',autoplay:true,lightbox:true,debug:false,popupLinks:true});\n if(typeof GalleryLoaded === 'undefined'){\n  GalleryLoaded = jQuery(function(){\n   jQuery.ajax({url:'https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/galleria\/1.4.2\/galleria.min.js',dataType:'script',cache:true}).done(function(){\n    Galleria.loadTheme('https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/galleria\/1.4.2\/themes\/classic\/galleria.classic.js');\n    for(var n in MyGalleries){\n     Galleria.run(MyGalleries[n].gallId, MyGalleries[n]);\n     jQuery(MyGalleries[n].gallId).css('display','block');\n    }\n   });\n  });\n }\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><sup><em>Foto 1.- \u00cdndex d\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal (IEMH) segons prov\u00edncia, 1980-2015<\/em><\/sup><br \/>\n<sup><em>Foto 2.- Relaci\u00f3 entre \u00cdndex d&#8217;Exc\u00e9s de Mortalitat Hivernal (IEMH), temperatura i percentatges d\u2019habitatges amb calefacci\u00f3, 1980-2015. Les bombolles s\u00f3n prov\u00edncies. <\/em><\/sup><br \/>\n<sup><em>Foto 3.- Evoluci\u00f3 de l\u2019\u00edndex d\u2019exc\u00e9s de mortalitat hivernal a Espanya per grups d&#8217;edat, 1980-2015. Aquest gr\u00e0fic mostra l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 de l\u2019IEMH suavitzat (mitjana m\u00f2bil de 3 anys)<\/em><\/sup><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sara Achebak<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,392],"tags":[353,524],"class_list":["post-13156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trics","category-humanitats","tag-geografia","tag-trics_ins-torreforta"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13156"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13156\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13160,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13156\/revisions\/13160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}