{"id":12930,"date":"2019-03-18T19:03:21","date_gmt":"2019-03-18T18:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/?p=12930"},"modified":"2019-04-28T07:32:50","modified_gmt":"2019-04-28T05:32:50","slug":"trics13_amorenoj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/dinamitzacio\/trics\/trics13_amorenoj\/","title":{"rendered":"Criptografia i seguretat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5353\" title=\"Arnau Moreno Jim\u00e9nez\" src=\"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/tarragones\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu549\/2019\/03\/trics13_amorenoj.jpg\" alt=\"Arnau Moreno Jim\u00e9nez\" width=\"150\" height=\"200\" \/><strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>T\u00edtol:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><strong>Criptografia i la seguretat en les nostres comunicacions<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Autor\/a:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong> Arnau Moreno Jim\u00e9nez<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Tutor\/a:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Miseric\u00f2rdia Nomen<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Modalitat:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Ci\u00e8ncies i tecnologia: Cientificot\u00e8cnic<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u00c0rea:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Matem\u00e0tiques<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Centre:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Ins Salvador Vilaseca<br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Localitat:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Reus<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Objectius:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ol>\n<li>Descobrir els primers m\u00e8todes per a xifrar i desxifrar informaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>Saber quins s\u00f3n els algorismes de xifrat m\u00e9s coneguts a dia d\u2019avui.<\/li>\n<li>Qui ens controla?<\/li>\n<li>Crear un sistema de xifrat des de zero.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6><strong>Hip\u00f2tesi:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">He triat aquest tema per al treball perqu\u00e8 trobo que una cosa tan important com \u00e9s la criptografia mereix ser explicada. Quan la gent pensa o escolta la paraula criptografia creu que aix\u00f2 est\u00e0 relacionat amb els governs, agencies d\u2019intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia o pel\u00b7l\u00edcules d\u2019espies, per\u00f2 la realitat \u00e9s bastant diferent. La criptografia est\u00e0 per tot arreu, des de que ens aixequem pel mati fins que ens anem a dormir, la criptografia la utilitzem cada dia d\u2019una manera directa o indirecta.<br \/>\nEn aquest treball parlarem sobre que \u00e9s la criptografia, per a que s\u2019utilitza i alguns dels fets hist\u00f2rics m\u00e9s rellevants, per\u00f2 la part m\u00e9s important \u00e9s saber el paper que juga la criptografia en les nostres comunicacions, en el nostre dia a dia.<br \/>\nCada dia s\u2019envien milions de missatges arreu del m\u00f3n, des de adolescents parlant de qualsevol cosa fins a governs enviant informaci\u00f3 delicada. Segons la font i el tipus d\u2019informaci\u00f3, la seguretat del xifrat va variant per a que no pugui ser interceptada, i si \u00e9s aix\u00ed, que no pugui ser desxifrada f\u00e0cilment.<br \/>\nTot el que fem a la xarxa queda sempre registrat i controlat per organitzacions governamentals.<br \/>\nEn aquest treball veurem alguns fets hist\u00f2rics rellevants, alguns dels m\u00e8todes de seguretat m\u00e9s innovadors coneguts fins a la data, com funcionen els sistemes de xifrat i com treballen i ens controlen les agencies d\u2019intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>El proc\u00e9s:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En el treball, la recerca d\u2019informaci\u00f3, analitzar-la, entendre-la i explicar-la ha sigut la base i a m\u00e9s bastant dif\u00edcil degut a que no tenia cap coneixement sobre el tema.<br \/>\nGaireb\u00e9 el 85% del treball s\u2019ha basat en la recerca de informaci\u00f3, fets hist\u00f2rics rellevants, m\u00e8todes actuals de xifrat, quin paper juguen les agencies d\u2019intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia en el nostre dia a dia i el funcionament d\u2019algunes de les aplicacions de missatgeria mes conegudes com Telegram i WhatsApp. Per\u00f2 la part m\u00e9s practica es divideix en dos subapartats, la primera \u00e9s l\u2019explicaci\u00f3 dels c\u00e0lculs d\u2019un dels algorismes de seguretat m\u00e9s coneguts fins a dia d\u2019avui, RSA, i l\u2019altra ha sigut crear el meu propi sistema de xifrat.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Conclusions:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La criptografia no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s cosa d\u2019espies i d\u2019ag\u00e8ncies governamentals, la criptografia ens envolta i forma part del nostre dia a dia, sense ella no podr\u00edem fer molts dels h\u00e0bits quotidians que realitzem, com per exemple, fer un pagament via web o enviar un missatge.<br \/>\nPer molt segur que sigui enviar missatges mitjan\u00e7ant WhatsApp o Telegram, hem d\u2019assumir que els governs i les seves ag\u00e8ncies sempre aniran un, dos o tres passos m\u00e9s avan\u00e7ats que nosaltres. Tot el que escrivim, diem o enviem a trav\u00e9s de la xarxa pot ser interceptat, ja sigui per el govern com per persones alienes.<br \/>\nPer molt segures que siguin avui en dia les nostres comunicacions gr\u00e0cies als xifrats, hem d\u2019anar sempre amb compte. No ens podem fiar al 100% del sistema de xifrat utilitzat, per aix\u00f2, a l\u2019hora de crear una contrasenya, aquesta, hauria de ser llarga i laboriosa, combinant lletres maj\u00fascules, min\u00fascules, n\u00fameros i signes com \u201c#\u201d, a m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, \u00e9s recomanable canviar-la cada cert temps per a que el nostre compte sigui una mica m\u00e9s segur.<br \/>\nAbans de fer aquest treball no sabia quasi res sobre criptografia, per\u00f2 ara puc dir amb seguretat que \u00e9s la criptografia, per a que s\u2019utilitza i on la podem trobar.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Llocs Web:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2CQU0Vv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">La m\u00e1quina Enigma.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2Rr67fS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Detalles sobre la criptograf\u00eda moderna.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2Rqz8Iw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Servei d\u2019intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia,<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2nNeref\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es RSA?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/1q6akaA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centro Nacional de Inteligencia.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2P26oJE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ag\u00e8ncia de Seguretat Nacional.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2y6jr3z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HTTPS: as\u00ed funciona.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2zl3sNv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Algoritmos de clave secreta, privada o sim\u00e9trica.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2JujGs9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">As\u00ed escucha SITEL, la herramienta para intervenir conversaciones sospechosas.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2Ad54dI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Los c\u00f3digos secretos<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Presentaci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;\" src=\"\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/key\/13PYPkPilNxtZO\" width=\"595\" height=\"485\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"> <\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arnau Moreno Jim\u00e9nez<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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