{"id":8263,"date":"2024-01-21T10:53:26","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T09:53:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/?p=8263"},"modified":"2024-01-21T10:53:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-21T09:53:26","slug":"les-generacions-que-han-nascut-amb-lipad-sota-el-brac-tenen-menys-capacitat-de-memoria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/eap\/les-generacions-que-han-nascut-amb-lipad-sota-el-brac-tenen-menys-capacitat-de-memoria\/","title":{"rendered":"Les generacions que han nascut amb l\u2019iPad sota el bra\u00e7 tenen menys capacitat de mem\u00f2ria"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

David Bueno<\/b>\u00a0(Barcelona, 1965) \u00e9s doctor en biologia, professor de gen\u00e8tica de la Universitat de Barcelona i especialista en neuroeducaci\u00f3. Acaba de publicar el llibre\u00a0Educa el teu cervell<\/i>\u00a0(Rosa dels Vents), en qu\u00e8 explica com funciona el cervell. Defensa que hem de tenir \u201cuna mentalitat de creixement\u201d, que ens estimuli amb desafiaments per a avan\u00e7ar, contraposada a \u201cuna mentalitat fixa\u201d. \u201cEls qui pensen que sempre poden anar m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 s\u00f3n m\u00e9s optimistes, tenen m\u00e9s capacitat de motivar-se, m\u00e9s facilitat d\u2019assumir reptes i esfor\u00e7os. \u00c9s un peix que es mossega la cua: les coses els van m\u00e9s b\u00e9 perqu\u00e8 s\u2019esforcen m\u00e9s perqu\u00e8 estan m\u00e9s motivats\u201d, explica. Per\u00f2, com s\u2019entrena, tot plegat?<\/p>\n

\u2014Com apr\u00e8n el nostre cervell?<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014Emmagatzema tot all\u00f2 que, per alguna ra\u00f3, mereix de ser recordat. Tot all\u00f2 que implica emocions, per exemple. El cervell fa connexions noves entre neurones per emmagatzemar-hi cada aprenentatge. \u00c9s un proc\u00e9s que s\u2019anomena plasticitat, i dura sempre.<\/p>\n

\u2014Dura sempre, per\u00f2 per a la canalla \u00e9s m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil.<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014\u00c9s aix\u00ed: les edats en qu\u00e8 el cervell \u00e9s m\u00e9s pl\u00e0stic i, per tant, \u00e9s m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil d\u2019adquirir coneixements nous o gravar les experi\u00e8ncies s\u00f3n la infantesa i l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia. Despr\u00e9s, continuem, per\u00f2 a un ritme m\u00e9s lent. Ara b\u00e9: a mesura que acumulem records, \u00e9s m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil guardar-ne de nous, perqu\u00e8 ja tenim punts de refer\u00e8ncia antics. Aix\u00f2, als adults, ens ajuda a dissimular que cada vegada tenim menys plasticitat.<\/p>\n

\u2014Qu\u00e8 pot fer un adult per a preservar millor la plasticitat?<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014Entrenar-la. Com un esportista, que per mantenir el seu cos en forma ha de fer exercici de manera regular. La plasticitat s\u2019entrena pensant. Per aix\u00f2 \u00e9s molt important llegir, reflexionar, valorar les coses, ser cr\u00edtic. Quan pensem, activem moltes xarxes neuronals i, aix\u00ed, les mantenim actives i \u201cjoves\u201d. Socialitzar mant\u00e9 la plasticitat neuronal perqu\u00e8 ens obliga a estar pendents dels altres i de les coses que volem dir. Fer mots encreuats, visitar exposicions d\u2019art.<\/p>\n

\u2014Els nens passen el dia a l\u2019escola i fent extraescolars. Els adults de vegades arraconem molt el lleure.<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014L\u2019arraconem, s\u00ed. Moltes vegades nom\u00e9s aprenem quan ens veiem obligats a entendre un sistema operatiu de l\u2019ordinador o alguna cosa de la feina. I aix\u00f2 \u00e9s un error. No cal aprendre una cosa de manera conscient: \u201cVull estudiar xin\u00e8s!\u201d Si vols, fes-ho, per\u00f2 no es tracta d\u2019aix\u00f2, sin\u00f3 d\u2019aprofitar les coses que et passen i trobar activitats mentalment estimulants. Aix\u00f2 vol dir no quedar-te hores mirant una s\u00e8rie que no t\u2019interessa.<\/p>\n

\u2014Dieu que els nens aprenen per mitj\u00e0 del joc. Quan creixem, m\u00e9s aviat desapareix, el joc.<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014Desapareix perqu\u00e8 el fem desapar\u00e8ixer. El joc \u00e9s la manera intr\u00ednseca, instintiva, d\u2019adquirir coneixements nous. Els nens no juguen per divertir-se sin\u00f3 per aprendre. En termes biol\u00f2gics, aprendre \u00e9s un mecanisme de superviv\u00e8ncia: si saps coses, pots anticipar-te i, per tant, protegir-te abans o aprofitar les oportunitats quan arriben. Com que \u00e9s important per a la superviv\u00e8ncia, el cervell gratifica amb sensacions de recompensa qualsevol aprenentatge favorable per a la superviv\u00e8ncia. No tot ha de ser un joc, es tracta d\u2019aprendre passant-ho b\u00e9. Perdre no \u00e9s un frac\u00e0s, \u00e9s la manera de jugar millor. L\u2019error \u00e9s el trampol\u00ed per a continuar aprenent: ara ja sabem com no ho hem de fer.<\/p>\n

\u2014Per tant, \u00e9s important diversificar les rutines?<\/b>
\n<\/b>\u2014Les rutines s\u00f3n bones, en algunes situacions, perqu\u00e8 t\u2019alliberen el cervell de pensar. Pensar cansa. Quan pensem, el cervell consumeix molt\u00edssima energia metab\u00f2lica. La cosa important \u00e9s que siguem conscients de tot all\u00f2 que no ha de ser rutinari. Moltes vegades condu\u00efm per rutina i \u00e9s la causa de molts accidents.<\/p>\n

Per continuar llegint l’article de Vilaweb, fes clic aqu\u00ed.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

David Bueno\u00a0(Barcelona, 1965) \u00e9s doctor en biologia, professor de gen\u00e8tica de la Universitat de Barcelona i especialista en neuroeducaci\u00f3. Acaba de publicar el llibre\u00a0Educa el teu cervell\u00a0(Rosa dels Vents), en qu\u00e8 explica com funciona el cervell. Defensa que hem de tenir \u201cuna mentalitat de creixement\u201d, que ens estimuli amb desafiaments per a avan\u00e7ar, contraposada a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8264,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eap"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8263"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8265,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8263\/revisions\/8265"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/selva1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}