{"id":10458,"date":"2019-11-12T12:36:32","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T11:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/?p=10458"},"modified":"2022-01-21T11:23:20","modified_gmt":"2022-01-21T10:23:20","slug":"ciencia-en-femeni-els-nens-solen-sentir-se-mes-confiats-en-matematiques-que-les-nenes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/general\/ciencia-en-femeni-els-nens-solen-sentir-se-mes-confiats-en-matematiques-que-les-nenes\/","title":{"rendered":"Ci\u00e8ncia en femen\u00ed. &#8220;Els nens solen sentir-se m\u00e9s confiats en matem\u00e0tiques que les nenes&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<header>\n<h2 class=\"article-titol\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">Ci\u00e8ncia en femen\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-sm2-12 col-md-8 columna-esquerra\">\n<div class=\"galeria\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"article-datacio\">\n<div class=\"article-meta\"><span class=\"createby\">DAVID BUENO I TORRENS<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"sep\">&#8211;<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"datacio\">PROFESSOR I INVESTIGADOR DE GEN\u00c8TICA I NEUROCI\u00c8NCIA I DIVULGADOR DE LA CI\u00c8NCIA<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"article-content\" class=\"article-content hyphenate\">\n<div class=\"article-frases dalt\">\n<div class=\"frase\">\n<h5 class=\"frase_titol\"><\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"frase_text\">\u201cEls nens solen sen\u00adtir-se m\u00e9s con\u00adfi\u00adats en matem\u00e0tiques que les nenes&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Fa una set\u00admana, l\u201911 de febrer, va ser el Dia Inter\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adnal de les Dones i les Nenes en la Ci\u00e8ncia. Segons la secre\u00adta\u00adria d\u2019Uni\u00adver\u00adsi\u00adtats i Recerca, el nom\u00adbre de dones titu\u00adla\u00addes en ci\u00e8ncies ha dis\u00adminu\u00eft 2 punts en els dar\u00adrers sis anys, i el nom\u00adbre de matri\u00adcu\u00adla\u00addes en estu\u00addis d\u2019engi\u00adnye\u00adria no arriba al 20%. A qu\u00e8 es deu aquesta bretxa, que reper\u00adcu\u00adteix molt nega\u00adti\u00adva\u00adment en la tan necess\u00e0ria i impres\u00adcin\u00addi\u00adble igual\u00adtat de g\u00e8nere (perqu\u00e8 sense igual\u00adtat no hi ha just\u00edcia)? Sens dubte hi ha molts fac\u00adtors que hi con\u00adflu\u00adei\u00adxen. Segons un repor\u00adtatge publi\u00adcat en aquest mateix diari, N\u00faria Balada, pre\u00adsi\u00addenta de l\u2019Ins\u00adti\u00adtut Catal\u00e0 de les Dones, remarca que \u201ccal tre\u00adba\u00adllar des de l\u2019edu\u00adcaci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria per tren\u00adcar este\u00adre\u00ado\u00adtips de g\u00e8nere\u201d. Vull apor\u00adtar una reflexi\u00f3 en aquest sen\u00adtit, a par\u00adtir de dos tre\u00adballs cient\u00edfics que ho ava\u00adlen com\u00adple\u00adta\u00adment.<\/p>\n<p>En el pri\u00admer, que es va publi\u00adcar el 1999 a\u00a0<i>Edu\u00adca\u00adti\u00ado\u00adnal Rese\u00adarch<\/i>, els inves\u00adti\u00adga\u00addors van gra\u00advar la interacci\u00f3 entre pro\u00adfes\u00adsors i alum\u00adnes durant la classe de matem\u00e0tiques. Van obser\u00advar que, de manera sub\u00adtil i com\u00adple\u00adta\u00adment incons\u00adci\u00adent, el nivell de suport que trans\u00adme\u00adtien els pro\u00adfes\u00adsors cap als alum\u00adnes era dife\u00adrent en funci\u00f3 de si eren nens o nenes, i amb inde\u00adpend\u00e8ncia que el pro\u00adfes\u00adsor fos un home o una dona. Si feien una pre\u00adgunta a un alumne i aquest res\u00adpo\u00adnia cor\u00adrec\u00adta\u00adment, la cara d\u2019apro\u00advaci\u00f3 i de satis\u00adfacci\u00f3 del mes\u00adtre era m\u00e9s intensa que si era una alumna. I vice\u00adversa quan erra\u00adven. Dit d\u2019una altra manera, sense saber-ho i sense voler-ho, feien que els nens adqui\u00adris\u00adsin m\u00e9s segu\u00adre\u00adtat cap a les seves des\u00adtre\u00adses matem\u00e0tiques que les nenes, la qual cosa, sub\u00adtil\u00adment i a poc a poc, va alte\u00adrant els cir\u00adcuits neu\u00adrals impli\u00adcats en les sen\u00adsa\u00adci\u00adons de recom\u00adpensa. Per aix\u00f2 els nens acos\u00adtu\u00admen a sen\u00adtir-se m\u00e9s con\u00adfi\u00adats en matem\u00e0tiques que les nenes. I les matem\u00e0tiques es tro\u00adben en totes les ci\u00e8ncies i engi\u00adnye\u00adries.<\/p>\n<p>Aquesta con\u00adfian\u00e7a, que es tra\u00addu\u00adeix en sen\u00adti\u00adments de satis\u00adfacci\u00f3, \u00e9s cru\u00adcial. Ho \u00e9s tant que, segons un altre estudi publi\u00adcat el 2018 a\u00a0<i>Psyc\u00adho\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal Sci\u00adence<\/i>, es pot pre\u00addir l\u2019\u00e8xit acad\u00e8mic dels estu\u00addi\u00adants en matem\u00e0tiques a trav\u00e9s de la seva acti\u00adtud posi\u00adtiva cap a aquesta mat\u00e8ria. \u00c9s molt m\u00e9s impor\u00adtant l\u2019acti\u00adtud, que neix de la valo\u00adraci\u00f3 que es fan d\u2019ells matei\u00adxos, que el coe\u00adfi\u00adci\u00adent d\u2019intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia. I aquesta auto\u00adva\u00adlo\u00adraci\u00f3 es nodreix, al seu torn, de la valo\u00adraci\u00f3 que en fem els adults, que la refor\u00e7a posi\u00adti\u00adva\u00adment o la debi\u00adlita. Man\u00adte\u00adnim aquest biaix ja des de l\u2019edu\u00adcaci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria, pos\u00adsi\u00adble\u00adment perqu\u00e8 reprodu\u00efm els matei\u00adxos models edu\u00adca\u00adtius que hem tin\u00adgut sense ser-ne cons\u00adci\u00adents. \u00c9s el mateix que suc\u00adce\u00adeix amb molts altres este\u00adre\u00ado\u00adtips de g\u00e8nere, que reprodu\u00efm i man\u00adte\u00adnim sense ado\u00adnar-nos-en, amb la sub\u00adti\u00adlesa de les nos\u00adtres mira\u00addes.<\/p>\n<p><em>Article El Punt Avui, 12 de novembre de 2019<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ci\u00e8ncia en femen\u00ed DAVID BUENO I TORRENS\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0PROFESSOR I INVESTIGADOR DE GEN\u00c8TICA I NEUROCI\u00c8NCIA I DIVULGADOR DE LA CI\u00c8NCIA \u201cEls nens [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10458"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10464,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10458\/revisions\/10464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serveiseducatius.xtec.cat\/ripolles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}